An Overview of Word's Mail Merge
Mail merge is the process of creating custom mailings (or other documents) that combine unique information with standard text to create a set of unique documents—typically, one for every recipient. Word's mail-merge feature gives you the power to customize your message for just a few people—or for thousands at the same time.
To successfully run a mail merge, you need to understand two fundamental concepts. The first concept is this: You need a main document and a data source.
The main document contains the text that you want to remain constant. The main document also contains instructions about which changeable text Word should import and at which point it should import it. These instructions are called merge fields.
Your second file, the data source, contains the text that is to change from one form letter (or envelope or label or directory page) to the next. Your data-source file can consist of a table in a Word document, or it can be an Access database, Outlook contact list, or Excel worksheet. It can also come from various other sources, such as dBASE-compatible (DBF) database files.
The second concept is this: Merging is a step-by-step process, far more than many other tasks you perform in Word. Microsoft thoroughly revamped Word's mail-merge feature in Word 2002 to make this step-by-step process easier to follow, introducing a new Mail Merge Wizard task pane to replace the Mail Merge Wizard dialog box that was used for nearly a decade. If you've shied away from Word mail merges in the past, due to their complexity, you'll find that the revamping of the process has made the job far easier. Having radically changed mail merge in Word 2002, Microsoft has left it virtually unchanged in Word 2003.
Word's Mail Merge Wizard task pane enables you to create mail merges for five types of documents:
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Letters. When you create a form letter, Word creates a new letter for each set of merge data (that is, each individual recipient).
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E-mail messages. When you create an email merge, Word creates a new email for each recipient.
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Envelopes. When you create envelopes, Word creates a new envelope for each recipient.
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Labels. When you create labels, Word creates new labels for each recipient.
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Directories (called "catalogs" prior to Word 2002). When you create a directory, Word creates only one new document that contains all the merged data. Word repeats any standard text you add to the directory main document for each set of data.
Troubleshooting What to Do When Word Disregards Character Formatting in Your Data Source Mail-merged information takes on the formatting of the merge field in the main document; any formatting you apply in the data-source document is ignored. Format your merge fields in the main document to make merged data appear the way you want. You may also be able to use formatting switches available to Word fields to achieve the formatting you're looking for. What to Do When Merge Fields Print Instead of Information from the Corresponding Records Adjust your Print options—they're probably set to print field codes rather than field results. Choose Tools, Options, and click the Print tab. Then, remove the check from the Field Codes check box in the Include with Document section. What to Do When Your Merged Documents Contain Blank Lines You Don't Want Sometimes you can solve this problem by clicking the Merge button to display the Merge dialog box, and clicking the Don't Print Blank Lines When Data Fields Are Empty option button. If blank lines are appearing where you've used an If, Ask, or Set field, try to insert the field within an existing paragraph, not in its own paragraph. If your document format won't allow this, format the paragraph mark as hidden text. Then, before you print, make sure that hidden text doesn't print. Choose Tools, Options; click the Print tab; clear the Hidden Text check box; and click OK. |
The Benefits of Outlining
Word's outlining feature gives you a quick and convenient way to organize (and reorganize) any document or Web page. The larger your documents, the more valuable you will find the organizing capabilities that outlining provides. As you'll see, with outlining it's easy to view your document at a very high level, then drill down to any specific element that needs attention, and move large blocks of text easily. In other words, you can see the forest and the trees—and work with both.
You can use outlining to plan your document before you start to write. First, brainstorm—and enter the content you want to include in rough form. Then use Word's outlining tools to reorganize the text and decide what should be emphasized and which areas are minor details subordinate to more important points.

The Role of Heading Styles and Outline Levels in Outlining
To understand outlining, you must understand three concepts: heading styles, outline levels, and body text.
Controlling Your Outline View
You've already heard that Word's outlines enable you to "view the forest and the trees." In fact, you can control the exact level of detail you view at any time. It's as if you could not only view the forest or the trees but also specific leaves, branches, trunks, individual trees, or groups of trees as well.
Using Word's Automatic Outline Numbering
Have you ever had to number multilevel headings in a document—and then change the numbering every time you add or move one of them? In this section, you'll learn how to let Word insert and manage all your multilevel outline numbering for you.
Word includes seven built-in multilevel outline numbering schemes that can handle many of the documents or Web pages you're likely to create. To use one of them, first select the paragraphs you want to number. If you want to add numbering throughout the document, press Ctrl+A to select the entire document. Right-click in the editing window and choose Bullets and Numbering from the shortcut menu; then click the Outline Numbered tab
The Advantages of Master Documents
A master document is a document that provides a gathering place for multiple smaller documents—called subdocuments. Each of these subdocuments can be developed and edited separately, by separate users on separate computers. All of these subdocuments can be controlled centrally, through the master document. Subdocuments can be divided and combined as needed by the project's participants.
Master documents make it possible for many people to work on parts of a document while one person still controls the entire document.
After you've created a master document, you can reopen it any time you want, displaying all the subdocuments together. This gives you a quick, efficient way to see how all the components of your document relate to each other, even if individual subdocuments have been heavily edited by your colleagues since you viewed them last. You can use Word's navigation tools as if you were working with a conventional document rather than a collection of documents. You can also handle all the tasks that generally should be performed on the entire document at the same time, such as the following:
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Ensuring consistent formatting throughout
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Spell checking and ensuring consistent spelling of specialized terms
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Building an index and a table of contents
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Reorganizing the document, moving large blocks of text among chapters
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Printing